What Is An 808? Understanding The Iconic Sound

The 808, guys, is more than just a number; it's a sound that has revolutionized music production. When you hear someone talking about an 808, they're usually referring to the Roland TR-808 Rhythm Composer, a drum machine that, despite its initial commercial failure, became a cornerstone of modern music, especially in hip-hop, trap, and electronic genres. Let's dive into what makes the 808 so special, its history, and how it's used today.

The History of the Roland TR-808

In the early 1980s, the Roland Corporation sought to create a drum machine that would realistically mimic acoustic drums. However, the TR-808, released in 1980, didn't quite hit that mark. Its sounds were synthetic and, at the time, considered unrealistic. This led to disappointing sales figures initially, and Roland discontinued the TR-808 in 1983. Ironically, its unique sonic characteristics would later become its greatest asset.

So, how did this initially unsuccessful drum machine rise to prominence? Producers and musicians, particularly in the burgeoning hip-hop scene, recognized the potential of the 808's deep, booming bass drum and its other distinctive sounds. Artists began experimenting with the TR-808, using it in ways Roland never intended. The affordability of the used TR-808s also played a significant role in its adoption by artists who were often working with limited budgets.

Key Features and Sounds

The TR-808 features a range of sounds, including:

• Bass Drum: The most iconic sound, known for its deep, resonant boom that can be tuned to create powerful basslines.
• Snare Drum: A sharp, electronic snare that cuts through the mix.
• Hi-Hats: Both open and closed hi-hat sounds with a distinct metallic quality.
• Cymbals: Unique crash and ride cymbals that add texture to the rhythm.
• Other Percussion: Including toms, clave, maracas, and more, offering a wide palette of percussive elements.

These sounds, especially the bass drum, became foundational in shaping the sound of hip-hop and electronic music. The ability to tune the bass drum allowed producers to create basslines that were both rhythmic and melodic, adding a new dimension to their tracks.

The 808 Sound: More Than Just a Bass Drum

When people talk about the 808 sound, they're often referring specifically to the bass drum. However, the term has evolved to encompass a broader range of sounds and techniques. Today, an "808" often refers to any synthesized bass sound with a deep, sub-bass frequency that can be manipulated to create melodies and rhythms.

This evolution has led to the creation of countless 808 samples and virtual instruments that emulate the original TR-808 bass drum while offering even more flexibility and customization options. Producers can now shape the 808 sound to fit their specific needs, using effects like distortion, saturation, and compression to create everything from subtle, rumbling basses to aggressive, speaker-shattering tones.

How to Create and Use 808s in Your Music

Creating and using 808s effectively is a crucial skill for any modern music producer. Here are some tips to get you started:

1. Start with a Good Sample: There are tons of 808 samples available online, both free and paid. Experiment with different samples to find the ones that resonate with you.
2. Tune Your 808: Tuning the 808 to the key of your song is essential for creating a cohesive and harmonic sound. Use a tuner plugin or your ear to match the 808's root note to the key of your track.
3. Experiment with Pitch Bends: Pitch bending an 808 can add a lot of character and movement to your basslines. Use pitch automation to create slides and glides that complement your melody.
4. Add Distortion and Saturation: Distortion and saturation can beef up your 808s and make them stand out in the mix. Use these effects sparingly to avoid muddying up your low end.
5. Use Compression: Compression can help even out the dynamics of your 808s and make them punchier. Experiment with different compression settings to find the sweet spot.
6. EQ Your 808: EQing your 808 is crucial for carving out space in the mix and preventing it from clashing with other instruments. Use a high-pass filter to remove unnecessary low frequencies and a low-shelf to boost the sub-bass.
7. Sidechain Compression: Sidechain compression can create a pumping effect that adds rhythmic interest to your track. Sidechain your 808 to the kick drum to create a tight, driving rhythm.

808s in Different Genres

While the 808 is most closely associated with hip-hop and trap, it has also found its way into various other genres:

• Trap: The 808 is a defining element of trap music, providing the deep, rumbling basslines that characterize the genre. Trap producers often use distorted and heavily processed 808s to create aggressive and impactful sounds.
• Hip-Hop: From old-school hip-hop to modern rap, the 808 has been a staple of the genre for decades. It provides the foundation for countless classic tracks and continues to evolve with the times.
• Electronic Music: The 808 has also made its way into various subgenres of electronic music, including techno, house, and drum and bass. In these genres, the 808 is often used to create driving basslines and percussive rhythms.
• Pop: Even in pop music, the 808 can be heard providing subtle low-end support or adding a touch of edge to the production.

The Enduring Legacy of the 808

The Roland TR-808 Rhythm Composer has had an undeniable impact on the landscape of modern music. What started as a commercially unsuccessful drum machine has become one of the most iconic and influential instruments of all time. Its unique sounds have shaped the sound of countless genres, and its legacy continues to inspire new generations of musicians and producers.

The 808 is a testament to the power of innovation and the unexpected ways in which technology can shape art. It's a reminder that sometimes, the most groundbreaking creations come from embracing imperfections and pushing the boundaries of what's possible. So next time you hear that deep, booming bass, remember the story of the 808 and the revolution it sparked.

Notable Songs Featuring the 808

To truly appreciate the impact of the 808, it's worth exploring some of the iconic songs that feature its signature sound. Here are just a few examples:

• "Planet Rock" - Afrika Bambaataa & The Soulsonic Force: This groundbreaking track is one of the earliest and most influential examples of the 808 in hip-hop. Its innovative use of the TR-808's sounds helped define the electro-funk genre.
• "Sexual Healing" - Marvin Gaye: While not a hip-hop track, this song showcases the 808's versatility. The TR-808 provides the rhythmic backbone of the song, adding a subtle but essential layer to its sensual groove.
• "Paul Revere" - Beastie Boys: This classic hip-hop track features a prominent 808 bassline that drives the song's energy. Its raw and energetic sound helped solidify the Beastie Boys' place in hip-hop history.
• "Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger" - Daft Punk: This electronic music masterpiece features a driving 808-inspired bassline that adds to the song's infectious energy. It's a testament to the 808's enduring influence on electronic music.
• "Hotline Bling" - Drake: This modern hip-hop hit features a subtle but effective 808 bassline that provides the song's low-end foundation. It's a great example of how the 808 can be used in a more understated way to create a smooth and atmospheric vibe.

These are just a few examples of the countless songs that have been influenced by the 808. From hip-hop to electronic music to pop, the 808 has left an indelible mark on the sound of modern music.

The Future of the 808

As music production technology continues to evolve, the 808 is likely to remain a relevant and influential sound. With the rise of virtual instruments and sample packs, it's easier than ever for producers to access and manipulate 808 sounds. This means that we can expect to hear the 808 in even more diverse and innovative ways in the years to come.

Whether it's used to create hard-hitting trap beats, subtle low-end textures, or experimental soundscapes, the 808 is a versatile and powerful tool that will continue to shape the sound of music for generations to come. So, keep experimenting, keep pushing boundaries, and keep exploring the endless possibilities of the 808!